Phyllis Schlafly Anti-Feminist Quotes

Phyllis Schlafly was perhaps most famous for her successful mobilization against the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution in the 1970s.   She is often associated with the backlash against the so-called second wave of feminism.   Before that, she was active in the ultraconservative wing of the Republican party, and she remained active on many conservative issues. See also: biography of Phyllis Schlafly About the ERA ERA means abortion funding, means homosexual privileges, means whatever else.   1999 About Feminism The cry of womens liberation leaps out from the lifestyle sections of newspapers and the pages of slick magazines, from radio speakers and television screens. Cut loose from past patterns of behavior and expectations, women of all ages are searching for their identity -- the college woman who has new alternatives thrust upon her via womens studies courses, the young woman whose routine is shattered by a chance encounter with a consciousness-raising session, the woman in her middle years who suddenly finds herself in the empty-nest syndrome, the woman of any age whose lover or lifetime partner departs for greener pastures (and a younger crop).   1977 The womens liberationist... is imprisoned by her own negative view of herself and of her place in the world around her.... Someone - it is not clear who, perhaps God, perhaps the Establishment, perhaps a conspiracy of male chauvinist pigs - dealt women a foul blow by making them female. It becomes necessary, therefore, for women to agitate and demonstrate and hurl demands on society in order to wrest from an oppressive male-dominated social structure the status that has been wrongfully denied to women through the centuries. 1977 Confrontation replaces cooperation as the watchword of all relationships. Women and men become adversaries instead of partners.... Within the confines of the womens liberationist ideology, therefore, the abolition of this overriding inequality of women becomes the primary goal. 1977 And the first commandment of feminism is: I am woman; thou shalt not tolerate strange gods who assert that women have capabilities or often choose roles that are different from mens. Feminism is doomed to failure because it is based on an attempt to repeal and restructure human nature. â€Å"The feminist movement taught women to see themselves as victims of an oppressive patriarchy.... Self-imposed victimhood is not a recipe for happiness.† The Womens Lib movement has sealed its own doom by deliberately hanging around its own neck the albatross of abortion, lesbianism, pornography and Federal control. News flash: one reason a woman gets married is to be supported by her husband while caring for her children at home. So long as her husband earns a good income, she doesnt care about the pay gap between them. Characterizing feminists: Someone, it is not clear who, perhaps God, dealt women a foul blow by making them female. Men should stop treating feminists like ladies, and instead treat them like the men they say they want to be. Another silliness of the womens liberationists is their frenetic desire to force all women to accept the title Ms in place of Miss or Mrs. If Gloria Steinem and Betty Friedan want to call themselves Ms in order to conceal their marital status, their wishes should be respected. But most married women feel they worked hard for the r in their names; and they dont care to be gratuitously deprived of it... 1977 Womens Nature Without womans innate maternal instinct, the human race would have died out centuries ago....The overriding psychological need of a woman is to love something alive. A baby fulfills this need in the lives of most women. If a baby is not available to fill that need, women search for a baby-substitute. This is the reason why women have traditionally gone into teaching and nursing careers. They are doing what comes naturally to the female psyche. The schoolchild or the patient of any age provides an outlet for a woman to express her natural maternal need. 1977 Men are philosophers, women are practical, and twas ever thus. Men may philosophize about how life began and where we are heading; women are concerned about feeding the kids today. No woman would ever, as Karl Marx did, spend years reading political philosophy in the British Museum while her child starved to death. Women dont take naturally to a search for the intangible and the abstract.   1977 Where man is discursive, logical, abstract, or philosophical, woman tends to be emotional, personal, practical, or mystical. Each set of qualities is vital and complements the other. 1977 About Women and the Military Putting women in military combat is the cutting edge of the feminist goal to force us into an androgynous society. No country in history ever sent mothers of toddlers off to fight enemy soldiers until the United States did this in the Iraq war. Every country that has experimented with women in actual combat has abandoned the idea, and the notion that Israel uses women in combat is a feminist myth. Much of the demand for women in combat comes from female officers who are eager for medals and promotions. The purpose of our military is to field the finest troops possible to defend our nation and win wars. The goal of feminists however, is to impose a mindless equality, regardless of how many people it hurts. 2016 About Sex and Sexuality If man is targeted as the enemy, and the ultimate goal of womens liberation is independence from men and the avoidance of pregnancy and its consequences, then lesbianism is logically the highest form in the ritual of womens liberation. 1977 Sex education classes are like in-home sales parties for abortions. About why condoms should not be available to young women:  Its very healthy for a young girl to be deterred from promiscuity by fear of contracting a painful, incurable disease, or cervical cancer, or sterility, or the likelihood of giving birth to a dead, blind or brain-damage [sic]  baby (even ten years later when she may be happily married). â€Å"How did the court feel empowered to put new limits on the settled law of Meyer-Pierce and give public schools the power to override parents on teaching about sex? Simple. The three liberal judges based their decision on our evolving understanding of the nature of our Constitution.   2012 About Transgender Issues Anyone with a child knows that children learn about the world through binary options: up or down, hot or cold, big or little, inside or outside, wet or dry, good or bad, boy or girl, man or woman. But the radical feminists, who staff womens studies departments at most colleges, have propagated the idea that we have to get rid of the gender binary along with the expectation of distinct roles for men and women. About Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment on the job is not a problem for virtuous women. About the Republican Party [F]rom 1936 through 1960 the Republican presidential nominee was selected by a small group of secret kingmakers who are the most popular opinion makers in the world. 1964 About International Issues It should be clear that teaching Americans we are now part of a global economy and teaching schoolchildren they are citizens of the world is a deceitful message to con us into a plan to add the poor countries around the Earth to our list of welfare handout recipients. 2013 About the United Nations: We certainly dont need a committee of foreigners who call themselves experts to dictate our laws or customs.   2012 It is a mystery why any Americans would support the concept of the EU. About Multiculturalism, Diversity, Race,  Immigrants The United States is the worlds most stunning example of a nation that has peaceably and successfully assimilated people from many disparate cultures. So why are some people trying to separate us into factions, emphasizing what divides us instead of what unites us? 1995 You cant be an American if you dont speak English. Our public schools should be mandated to teach all children in English. The most dangerous area where our laws are not being faithfully executed are the laws designed to protect Americans against the millions of aliens who enter our country illegally every year. How can we protect homeland security unless the government stops the invasion of illegal aliens? Birth on U.S. territory has never been an absolute claim to citizenship. In a world of inhumanity, war and terrorism, American citizenship is a very precious possession. Its not the physical location of birth that defines citizenship, but whether your parents are citizens, and the express or implied consent to jurisdiction of the sovereign. About Climate Change Of course, climate changes. Many changes are due to factors over which humans have no control, such as winds, ocean currents and sun activity. But the liberals want us to believe that climate change is also caused by gases expelled when humans burn so-called fossil fuels.  Ã‚  2011 About the Family â€Å"The American nuclear family made America great, but few are now defending it against forces determined to destroy it. If America continues to have many immigrants with different family types, we are less likely to maintain American values of personal freedom, individualism, and limited government.†Ã‚  2014 What I am defending is the real rights of women. A woman should have the right to be in the home as a wife and mother. People think that child-support enforcement benefits children, but it doesnt. First of all, I want to thank my husband Fred, for letting me come -- I always like to say that, because it makes the libs so mad! The United States: Exceptionalism The United States is a giant island of freedom, achievement, wealth and prosperity in a world hostile to our values. Education, Schools The cornerstone of the political correctness that dominates campus culture is radical feminism. The worst censors are those prohibiting criticism of the theory of evolution in the classroom. After Big Media, U.S. colleges and universities are the biggest enemies of the values of red-state Americans. Parents, are you ready to teach your kids arithmetic? 2002 National Standards was not a narrative of past events but was leftwing revisionism and Political Correctness. It is long overdue for parents to realize they have the right and duty to protect our children against the intolerant evolutionists. Our public school system is our countrys biggest and most inefficient monopoly, yet it keeps demanding more and more money. The most frequent complaint I hear from college students is that professors inject their leftist political comments into their courses even when they have nothing to do with the subject. Behind frequent protestations by public officials about local control of the schools, a federal curriculum has been quietly imposed by law. All the pieces are now in place for this major goal of the Clinton administration. Elementary and secondary school education used to be organized around subjects such as reading, math, history, geography, language and science. While smatterings of those subjects are still taught, the focus has been shifted from academic subject matter to teaching attitudes, beliefs, values, themes, behaviors and job skills. This is indoctrination, not education. Left-wing professors write the textbooks and the teachers unions control the public schools, so the ideology is what those groups deem politically correct. 2002 About Government, Judges Congress should pass legislation to remove from the federal courts their jurisdiction to hear these outrageous challenges to the Ten Commandments and the Pledge of Allegiance. Under the nanny state of the left, nothing remains private for long. 2012 The justices have constitutionally protected obscenity in libraries, filth over cable television, and now unlimited internet pornography. About Obama â€Å"Obama has compiled a record of hostility to religion that is unmatched by any other president in American history. 2012 â€Å"Obama did not want to join a  historically Christian black church in Chicago that took traditional Christian doctrines seriously. Rather, he sought out  a liberal church that would help him advance his budding political career.† 2012 Should Obama win a second term, the justices he appoints will almost certainly unveil a bogus new constitutional right to gay marriage, discovered within the penumbras of Lawrence v. Texas. At which point Obama, drawing upon the faux-pained honesty he has perfected, can regurgitate what he wrote in his memoirs: that he was once on the wrong side of history† but has now happily come into the light.  2012 Others About Schlafly Betty Friedan in a 1973 debate with Schlafly: I would like to burn you at the stake.... I consider you a traitor to your sex, an Aunt Tom.

Essay about Employee Benefits Required By Law - 6718 Words

Employee Benefits Required by Law nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The legally required employee benefits constitute nearly a quarter of the benefits package that employers provide. These benefits include employer contributions to Social Security, unemployment insurance, and workers’ compensation insurance. Altogether such benefits represent about twenty-one and half percent of payroll costs. Social Security nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Social Security is the federally administered insurance system. Under current federal laws, both employer and employee must pay into the system, and a certain percentage of the employee’s salary is paid up to a maximum limit. Social Security is mandatory for employees†¦show more content†¦It is possible for an individual who dies or becomes totally disabled at an early age to be classified as fully insured with less than 40 quarters. To receive old age insurance benefits, covered individuals must also meet the test of retirement. To meet this test, persons under 70 cannot be earning more than an established amount through gainful employment. This limitation of earnings does not include income from sources other than gainful employment such as investments or pensions. Social security retirement benefits consist of those benefits which individuals are entitled to receive in their own behalf, called the primary insurance amount, plus supplemental benefits for eligible dependents. These benefits can be determined from a prepared table. There are also both minimum and maximum limits to the amount that individuals and their dependents can receive. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Social Security program provides benefit payments to workers who are too severely disabled to engage in gainful employment. In order to be eligible for such benefits, an individual’s disability must have existed for at least 6 month and must be expected to continue for at least 12 months. Those eligible for disability benefits must have worked under Social Security for a t least 5 out of the 10 years before becoming disabled. Disability benefits, which include auxiliary benefits for dependents, are computed on the same basis as retirement benefits and are converted to retirementShow MoreRelatedEmployee Benefit Package for Bostic Colleges Inc.879 Words   |  4 PagesEmployee Benefit Package for Bostic Colleges, Inc. Since its onset in 1966, Bostic Colleges, Inc. has provided quality college education to non-traditional students. This could not have been possible without the dedication and hard work of high quality employees. It is with these individuals in mind that Bostic Colleges has decided to revamp its benefit package. The company has thoroughly researched what employees consider to be the most desirable benefits offered by employers and based its new benefitRead MoreWeek 4 Assignment 2 Employement Law and Complaince Plan Paper951 Words   |  4 PagesEmployment Law and Compliance Plan Shawna Bronson HCA/260 March 2, 2013 Employment Law and Compliance Plan A medical office needs to be compliant with employment laws; this will ensure they do not have lawsuits that could patiently put a company out of business. This also helps the offices run smoothly and free from errors. There are several employment laws a few of them are the American with Disabilities Act (ADA), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the Health InsuranceRead MoreEssay On Tennessee Labor Laws1147 Words   |  5 PagesTennessee Labor Laws: Everything You Need to Know Tennessee labor laws provide that the minimum wage in the State of Tennessee is $7.25 an hour. 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Accidents in which the employee does not lose time from work, accidents in which the employee loses time from work, temporary partial disability, permanent partial or total disability, death, occupational diseases, noncrippling physical impairments, such as deafness, impairments suffered at employer-sanctioned events,Read MoreSample Resume : Recruitment And Selection1612 Words   |  7 Pages Job Description Job Identification Title: Benefits, Wellness and Accessibility Offer Job category: Full-time Department: Human resources Reporting relationship: Reports directly to human resource Physical location: Head office Toronto Safety hazards: None Summary The benefits, wellness and accessibility officer is required to perform the executive-level tasks of reviewing and processing benefits and wellness claims. The officer is required to maintain Updated records of all applications

RIP Pty Ltd Taxation Law And Practice Free Sample Solution

Question: Discuss about the Taxation Law and Practice for RIP Pty Ltd. Answer: Arthur Murray (NSW) Pty Ltd v FCT (1965) 114 CLR 314 Fact of the case states that the tax payer was engaged in the providing the lessons on dancing by accepting the fees in advance. The taxpayer used to accept the advance fees payment for the dancing lesson services to be provided in future. As per the contention of commissioner, the amount received in advance was required to be considered as income under taxation law. However, the taxpayer denied the contention of commissioner because the service of dance lesson was still due. Moreover, according to the judgment of the high court, it was contended that any amount received in advance in lieu of providing service shall qualify for income received only if the service has been released. Until the taxpayer has actually performed the service, the advance received shall not be considered as taxable income for the assessee (Grubert, 2015). Since the given situation of RIP Pty Ltd is similar to the case of Arthur Murray, with respect to the fees of funeral services received in advance, it can be co-related to it. In case the income of RIP Ptys income is derived generally, then such income shall be considered as income generated during the accounting or financial year. It would be considered as the taxable income under the taxation system. Therefore, the company should include such amount of income while determining the tax liability on income. On the contrary, if the amount received from the income of funeral and related services, it would be considered in the statement of financial position of the business and not as an income (DeBacker, Heim Tran 2015). This is because the service of funeral is rendered after the receipt of service fees. As and when such service is provided, the same shall be transferred and converted to the financial statements of the company and same shall be taxable as per section 6 ITAA 97. Easy Funeral Plan of the organization is a fixed price contract where clients make periodic payments against the funeral services to be provided in future. Under the first plan, consumers are ensured to receive deluxe service in future one the payment is done. Similarly, in case of second plan of the contract, the company used to receive the amount in part payment scheme until the death of a person occurs. Hence, it can be said that the principle of Arthur Murray applies to the accounting treatment for the amounts received in the contract plan (Ciconte et al., 2016). In case of Arthur Murray, the fees received in advance were not included in the income statement until the dancing lessons actually provided. Likewise, in case of RIP Pty Ltd, fees received under the contract shall be treated as income after the funeral services are provided by the company after the death of the client. The method of accounting for tax is on accrual basis, which means that the transactions related to the current accounting year would be considered for ascertaining the business performance and income tax liability. On the other hand, the accounting for tax can also be prepared by using the cash basis especially is the business enterprise is small or conducted by sole practitioner. In view of the decided case law of Carden, it was contented that the business organizations are required to use the method of accounting for tax that discloses the correct and fair income of the taxpayer. Hence, it can be said that the commissioner or assessee has the choice in using method of accounting for tax. Further, in case of Firstenberg vs. Federal Commissioner of Taxation, since the taxpayer was single individual to conduct the business it would be appropriate to follow cash basis for tax accounting method (Robinson, Stomberg Towery, 2015). Moreover, in case the business is large or operates using credit services, then accrual basis should be conducted for tax accounting that reveals the correct and transparent income of the taxpayer. Tax Treatment of the forfeited payment account Forfeiture of any prepaid receipts is considered as capital receipts as per the taxation ruling (TR) 1999/19 of Income Tax Assessment Tax (ITAA) 97. This ruling is relevant to the business organizations who conduct the business activities by receiving advance payments for the services to be provided in future. However, in case the future service is not taken by the clients, then the advance payment is forfeited by the organizations instead of refunding the same that is recorded by the companies in a separate forfeited payment account. In many organizations, future service contract demands advance payment, which is not subjected to the clause of forfeiture. Therefore, in case the service is not provided then receipt of such amount is considered as capital receipts (Choudhary, Koester Shevlin, 2016). In the provided situation of RIP Pty Ltd, the company conducts the business to provide the services of directing funeral activities as well as dealer of fixed contract under Easy Funeral Plan. The company provides services to the clients by receiving advance payments for the funeral services to be provided in future under the fixed contract. However, certain clients could not avail the service hence, the payment received as advance was transferred to the forfeiture account. The account of forfeiture reflected the balance of $16,200 at the end of the accounting year 30th June. According to the rulings of taxation system, the amount of $16,200 in the forfeited payment account shall be considered as capital receipts that would be valued as assessable income at year-end. As the companys fixed contract was not subjected to the forfeiture clause therefore, the waiving of services by the clients does not call for refunding the amount already paid by them. Additionally, as per the decided case of Guyv. Federal Commissioner of Taxation 96 ATC 4520; (1996) 32 ATR 590, the amount transferred to the forfeiture account by the taxpayer had been treated as capital receipts and not as revenue receipt. With respect to the nature of service and contract terms and conditions, forfeited amount is considered as a part of continuum of events and at the end of the accounting year, the total balance of the forfeited account would be treated under taxable income of the assessee (Jakstonyte Boguslauskas, 2015). Accordingly, in case of RIP Pty Ltd the balance in forfeited payment account amounted to $16,200 would be treated as assessable income at the end of the accounting year. Tax treatment for trading stock Provisions of Income Tax Assessment Act (ITAA) 97 section 70-10 states that the trading stock of the business enterprise are the materials held for sale in the ordinary course of business. A stock or material is regarded as trading stock if such material is competent for trading in as a finished or progressive work structure while operating the business activities (Dumiter et al., 2016). Considering the rules of taxation system treatment of trading stock is done in the following manner: Purchase cost of the material as trading stock can be claimed as deduction in the current income tax year, if such material is used by the assessee If the balance of stock at the end of the year exceeds the balance at the beginning of the year, the difference would be added to compute the assessable income On the contrary, if the balance at the beginning year exceeds the balance at the closing year, then the difference will be claimed as deduction The stock valuation also includes physical verification and valuation is done by considering the each stock on the basis of cost method, market value method and replacement value method by excluding Goods and Service Tax (GST). In case the assessee is eligible to claim GST credit, then only the taxpayer can exclude the tax on Goods and Service for the purpose of stock valuation (Altshuler, Shay Toder, 2015). In the given situation of RIP Pty Ltd, prepayment of $25,000 in June 2016 for the delivery to be made in August 2016 can be claimed as deduction by the taxpayer. According to the TR 93/23 if RIP Pty follows the cash basis accounting method such amount can be treated as an expense and claim as deduction. If the taxpayer applies the accrual method in accounting, the payment shall be included in the balance sheet and can be claimed as deduction in the next accounting year in which the delivery is made. Further, according the case of v St. Huberts Island Pty. Ltd. vs. FC of Taxation, (1978) 138 CLR 210 treatment of caskets and accessories would be valued at cost price. Adjustments to the companys reported profit In case of fully franked dividend received by the company $21,000 it shall be included in the assessable income of the companys net profit. Fully franked dividends are considered after the tax payment, which is required to be included in the assessable income by the receiver as per ITAA 97. In order to avoid the double taxation system the Australian Taxation system works through the imputation system which enable the shareholders to take back the taxes paid by the company. The imputation system allows the companies to distribute dividends with franked credits as taxes paid on earnings (Chang, Chen Chen, 2016). Since, the dividend received by the RIP Pty is fully franked, the company shall include such amount in determining the net profit therefore, $21,000 would be included in computation of income for the current accounting year. The company paid $57,000 in March 2016 as storage rental, which was acquired on two years lease expiring on February 2018. The payment for current tax year for four months has been recorded as expenditure in the income statement whereas rest of the amount has been capitalized. As per the provision under division 40 ITAA 97 operating lease payment are treated as expenses incurred by the taxpayer and therefore to be included in the income statement. In case there are advance payments or outstanding payments, it would be recognized in the balance sheet statement of the company (Amberger, Eberhartinger Kasper, 2016). Therefore, the accounting record by RIP Pty Ltd for storage rental expense was correct as the lease obtained by the company was operating lease hence the payment for current tax year would be recorded as expense. Similarly, amount paid related to the next accounting year should be capitalized in the current accounting year. Last case involves advance payment of Long Service Leave to the companys managing director, which means the payment to the employees as paid leave. The companies pay it if the employees serve the employment for a longer period. ITAA 97 section 83-70, subdivision 83- D states that if the leave payment made by the companies before 16 August 1978, then the amount will not be considered as assessable or exemption. In case the payment is made between the period 16 August 1978 and 17 August 1993, it will be taxed at 31.5% including the Medicare Levy 1.5% (Schneider, 2015). Therefore, the amount of $22,000 under Long Service Leave paid by RIP Pty Ltd to the managing director would be subjected to the withholding tax of 31.5%. Out of the total payment, the company is eligible to recognize the payment $15,070 as expenses and the withholding tax $6,930 would be adjusted with the amount of tax liability. Deductions available for the expenditure According to the division 43 under Taxation Ruling 97/25 of ITAA 97 deduction of expenses for capital works is based on the actual amount incurred for construction process. In case the company conducts structural improvements on earthworks or capital expenditure on land for landscaping, demolishing or clearing then such expenses shall not be allowed as deduction to the taxpayer under section 43-70 ITAA 97 (Saltzman, Eibner Enthoven, 2015). Hence, following expenses borne by RIP Pty Ltd are available for deduction in Australian Taxation System: Expenses incurred on construction as preliminary architectural designs amounted to $250,000 Cost of acquiring land in the year 2014 amounted to $1.25 million Amount $2.5 million spent for constructing new premises that was commenced on 1st September 2014 Amount expended on onsite car parking $125,000 that was commenced between the period 1st August and 30th September 2015 Reference List Altshuler, R., Shay, S. E., Toder, E. J. (2015). Lessons the United States can learn from other countries territorial systems for taxing income of multinational corporations.Available at SSRN 2557190. Amberger, H., Eberhartinger, E., Kasper, M. (2016). Tax Rate Biases in Tax Planning Decisions: Experimental Evidence.WU International Taxation Research Paper Series, (2016-29). Chang, C. W., Chen, M. C., Chen, V. Y. (2016). Are Corporate Tax Reductions Real Benefits under Imputation Systems?.European Accounting Review, 1-23. Choudhary, P., Koester, A., Shevlin, T. (2016). Measuring income tax accrual quality.Review of Accounting Studies,21(1), 89-139. Ciconte, W., Donohoe, M. P., Lisowsky, P., Mayberry, M. A. (2016). Predictable uncertainty: The relation between unrecognized tax benefits and future income tax cash outflows.Available at SSRN 2390150. DeBacker, J., Heim, B. T., Tran, A. (2015). Importing corruption culture from overseas: Evidence from corporate tax evasion in the United States.Journal of Financial Economics,117(1), 122-138. Dumiter, F., Berlingher, D., Opret, A., Todor, S. (2016). Double taxation conventions, structure and evolution of the american tax system.Journal of Legal Studies,17(31), 1-14. Grubert, H. (2015). Destination-Based Income Taxes: A Mismatch Made in Heaven.Tax L. Rev.,69, 43. Jakstonyte, G., Boguslauskas, V. (2015). Graphic model regulating the application of land site taxation deductions.Engineering Economics,21(3). Robinson, L. A., Stomberg, B., Towery, E. M. (2015). One size does not fit all: How the uniform rules of FIN 48 affect the relevance of income tax accounting.The Accounting Review,91(4), 1195-1217. Saltzman, E. A., Eibner, C., Enthoven, A. C. (2015). Improving The Affordable Care Act: An Assessment Of Policy Options For Providing Subsidies.Health affairs,34(12), 2095-2103. Schneider, P. J. (2015). Equity-Based Compensation for Partnerships: Tax Court Breaks New Ground.Journal of Financial Service Professionals,69(1), 26-32. Ball, T. (2015). International Tax Compliance Agreements and Swiss Bank Privacy Law: A Model Protecting a Principled History.Geo. Wash. Int'l L. Rev.,48, 233. Briguglio, M. (2016). Household Cooperation in Waste Management: Initial Conditions and Intervention.Journal of Economic Surveys,30(3), 497-525. Eze, N. M., Iorwuese, T. E., Abba, W. B. (2016). The Challenges and Imperative of Tax System Reform in Nigeria.International Journal of Economics and Finance,8(3), 151. Feldman, N. E., Katu k, P., Kawano, L. (2016). Taxpayer confusion: Evidence from the child tax credit.The American Economic Review,106(3), 807-835.

The Plant Cell Essay Paper Example For Students

The Plant Cell Essay Paper Cell WallSize: Around 1? Basic Function:* Hold the shape of the cell. * Strengthen the cell. Covering the cell membrane of the plant cell, there is the cell wall. The cell wall is composed of two layers of rigid, hard cellulose embedded in compounds like pectin and lignin. Pores in the cell wall allow molecules to pass through. The cell wall has two parts. The primary cell wall is formed during the growth of the cell. After the cell has stopped growing, a secondary cell wall forms. This secondary wall is made of lignin and cellulose, woven together tightly, to prevent further growth and to form and strong protective barrier. We will write a custom essay on The Plant Cell Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now CytoplasmSize: UnmeasurableBasic Function:* Helps dissolve waste products* Creates a medium for vesicles to travel through* Aids in cell metabolism* Serves as a home for the cytoskeleton. The cytoplasm is the jelly-like material that makes up much of the cell. It is 80% water and usually clear in color. It also contains many salts. The liquid portion is referred to as cytosol. In fact, cytoplasm means cell substance. The cytoplasm is also the home of the cytoskeleton, a network ofcytoplasmic filaments that are responsible for the movement of the cell. The cytoplasm is constantly moving and churning due to cytoplasmic streaming. Golgi ApparatusSize: Between 2 and 3?Basic Function:* Serves as processing center for cell. * Packages and processes new proteins. * Prepares proteins for secretion or storage. The Golgi Apparatus is a series of stacked membranes in the cytoplasm that packages proteins for secretion or storage in vesicles. Inside the membranes are sacs of fluid or gel-like substances. The Golgi Apparatus takes proteins in transport sacs from the endoplasmic reticulum and sends it through a series of these membranes. The proteins are then modified as they pass from membrane to membrane. After the vesicle of proteins has finished its trip through the Golgi Apparatus, it buds off the organelle in a Golgi sac, ready to be stored or transported to other parts of the body. Cell MembraneSize: 7 to 8 NM (nanometers)Basic Function:* Controls what enters and exits the cell. * Separates cell from outer environment. On the outside of all cells, there is a layer of protein and lipid (fat) called the cell membrane or the plasma membrane. This membrane is found in ALL cells. The membrane is selectively permeable, meaning it allows some molecules to enter and some not to. The membrane allows molecules in through two forms of transport, active and passive. Passive transport consists of simple diffusion through the pores in the membrane or carrier molecules. Active transport consists of endocytosis, exocytosis, and the sodium-potassium pump. The membrane also protects the cell from the outside environment, keeping the cytoplasm and its organelles in, and all of the stuff outside out. MitochondriaSize: 2 to 3 ?mBasic Function:* Serves as respiration center for cell. * Makes energy for the cell. Floating inside the cytoplasm are a series of fairly large organelles called Mitochondria. These organelles, the size of some bacteria, serve as the cells respiration centers, the place where energy for the cell is produced. Since the Mitochondria serves as a center for energy production, there are varying numbers of mitochondria in different cells. Muscles have many mitochondria due to the amount of energy they need, but skin cells have very few. The mitochondria (singular: mitochondrion) have two membranes. The outer membrane protects the organelle, and the inner membrane is folded into a series cristae or long folds. Endoplasmic ReticulumSize: Highly variableBasic Function:* Serves as transportation system for cell. .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 , .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .postImageUrl , .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 , .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:hover , .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:visited , .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:active { border:0!important; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:active , .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71 .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf79f1476c27e3ce4a9e64a3404931e71:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drug Abuse Essay* Moves proteins and vesicles around cell. The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (or ER) serves as a home for the ribosomes of a cell and as a highway for the cells proteins to be transported on. Being close to the ribosomes allows for the quick transfer of proteins from them to the rest of the cell. This highway is composed of interconnected membranes and vesicles. The process of transporting these newly created proteins is critical to the cell, and is required for furthur survival. The ER is very closely associated with the Golgi Apparatus. VacuoleSize: Varies from 10+? to quite small. Basic Function:* Serves as large storage centers for cell. * Hold water and many nutrientsInside the cell, surrounded by the cytoplasm, is the vacuole. In a plant, the vacuole acts as an extremely large storage area, and serves as a control for the turgor pressure in the cell. The vacuoles that perform the latter are called contracile vacuoles. They take on excess water and then squeeze it out of the cell to prevent cytolysis. The other task of the vacuole is also very important. It stores enzymes and toxic wastes that cannot be stored anywhere else in the cell. Usually, there is only one vacuole per plant cell, and it can take up to nearly 90% of the cells total volume.